The many faces of superradiance

Details The many faces of superradiance The many faces of superradiance

1998-03-10

arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9803033v1

Phys.Rev. D58 (1998) 064014

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

24 pages LaTeX with Revtex styles

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevD.58.064014

Inertial motion superradiance, the emission of radiation by an initially unexcited system moving inertially but superluminally through a medium, has long been known. Rotational superradiance, the amplification of radiation by a rotating rigid object, was recognized much later, principally in connection with black hole radiances. Here we review the principles of inertial motion superradiance and prove thermodynamically that the Ginzburg--Frank condition for superradiance coincides with the condition for superradiant amplification of already existing radiation. Examples we cite include a new type of black hole superradiance. We correct Zel'dovich's thermodynamic derivation of the Zel'dovich--Misner condition for rotational superradiance by including the radiant entropy in the bookkeeping . We work out in full detail the electrodynamics of a Zel'dovich rotating cylinder, including a general electrodynamic proof of the Zel'dovich--Misner condition, and explicit calculations of the superradiant gain for both types of polarization. Contrary to Zel'dovich's pessimistic conclusion we conclude that, if the cylinder is surrounded by a dielectric jacket and the whole assembly is placed inside a rotating cavity, the superradiance is measurable in the laboratory.

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