Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Scientific paper
2001-09-02
Phys.Rev. D67 (2003) 082001
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Submitted to Physical Review D; Revtex, no figures, prints to 14 pages. Second Revision 1 December 2002: minor rewording for c
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevD.67.082001
It is shown that photon shot noise and radiation-pressure back-action noise are the sole forms of quantum noise in interferometric gravitational wave detectors that operate near or below the standard quantum limit, if one filters the interferometer output appropriately. No additional noise arises from the test masses' initial quantum state or from reduction of the test-mass state due to measurement of the interferometer output or from the uncertainty principle associated with the test-mass state. Two features of interferometers are central to these conclusions: (i) The interferometer output (the photon number flux N(t) entering the final photodetector) commutes with itself at different times in the Heisenberg Picture, [N(t), N(t')] = 0, and thus can be regarded as classical. (ii) This number flux is linear in the test-mass initial position and momentum operators x_o and p_o, and those operators influence the measured photon flux N(t) in manners that can easily be removed by filtering -- e.g., in most interferometers, by discarding data near the test masses' 1 Hz swinging freqency. The test-mass operators x_o and p_o contained in the unfiltered output N(t) make a nonzero contribution to the commutator [N(t), N(t')]. That contribution is cancelled by a nonzero commutation of the photon shot noise and radiation-pressure noise, which also are contained in N(t). This cancellation of commutators is responsible for the fact that it is possible to derive an interferometer's standard quantum limit from test-mass considerations, and independently from photon-noise considerations. These conclusions are true for a far wider class of measurements than just gravitational-wave interferometers. To elucidate them, this paper presents a series of idealized thought experiments that are free from the complexities of real measuring systems.
Braginsky Vladimir B.
Gorodetsky Mikhail L.
Khalili Farid Ya.
Matsko Andrey B.
Thorne Kip S.
No associations
LandOfFree
The noise in gravitational-wave detectors and other classical-force measurements is not influenced by test-mass quantization does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this scientific paper.
If you have personal experience with The noise in gravitational-wave detectors and other classical-force measurements is not influenced by test-mass quantization, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and The noise in gravitational-wave detectors and other classical-force measurements is not influenced by test-mass quantization will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFWR-SCP-O-354693