Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Scientific paper
2003-12-08
Int.J.Mod.Phys.A19:4413-4430,2004
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
20 pages, 4 figures, the version accepted for publication in the International Journal of Modern Physics A
Scientific paper
10.1142/S0217751X04019780
The interactions of different particle species with the foamy space-time fluctuations expected in quantum gravity theories may not be universal, in which case different types of energetic particles may violate Lorentz invariance by varying amounts, violating the equivalence principle. We illustrate this possibility in two different models of space-time foam based on D-particle fluctuations in either flat Minkowski space or a stack of intersecting D-branes. Both models suggest that Lorentz invariance could be violated for energetic particles that do not carry conserved charges, such as photons, whereas charged particles such electrons would propagate in a Lorentz-inavariant way. The D-brane model further suggests that gluon propagation might violate Lorentz invariance, but not neutrinos. We argue that these conclusions hold at both the tree (lowest-genus) and loop (higher-genus) levels, and discuss their implications for the phenomenology of quantum gravity.
Ellis John
Mavromatos Nick E.
Nanopoulos Dimitri V.
Sakharov Alexander S.
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