Other
Scientific paper
Dec 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agufmsa11a..01s&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002, abstract #SA11A-01
Other
2427 Ionosphere/Atmosphere Interactions (0335), 2447 Modeling And Forecasting, 2467 Plasma Temperature And Density, 2736 Magnetosphere/Ionosphere Interactions
Scientific paper
During the last century, there has been continual progress with regard to elucidating the important aeronomic processes that operate in the Earth's upper atmosphere. However, the progress was not uniform and there were certain periods of time when significant advances in knowledge were achieved due to an important discovery, a novel instrumental technique, or a new international program. Shortly after Marconi successfully transmitted radio signals across the Atlantic Ocean, the existence of the ionosphere was clearly established and its source, peak height, and layer characteristics were determined. In the mid-1940's, the rocket technology that became available was used by scientists to study the ionosphere and upper atmosphere. The great potential of this new technology, coupled with a major advance in ground-based instrumentation, led scientists to realize that a significant increase in knowledge of the terrestrial environment was possible. This resulted in the International Geophysical Year (1957-58) and the launch of the first satellite (Sputnik I). Another significant advance in aeronomy began in the mid-1980s, with the advent of supercomputers, the development of global numerical models, the existence of numerous ground-based instrument networks, and the proliferation of satellites. At the beginning of the new millennium, aeronomy is at the threshold of another rapid advance in knowledge due to the use of data assimilation techniques. Although data assimilation has been widely used by both meteorologists and oceanographers for several decades, only recently has there been a sufficient quantity of data for this approach to be useful in aeronomy. During the coming decade, tens of millions of measurements of the ionosphere-thermosphere system could become available on a daily basis from a myriad of in situ and remote sensing instruments. These data sets can be assimilated into a time-dependent, physics-based, numerical model of the ionosphere-thermosphere system via Kalman filters or other assimilation techniques. As a result, it will be possible to provide time-dependent 3-dimensional reconstructions of the ionospheric and thermospheric densities on an hourly basis day after day. These reconstructions will not only greatly advance aeronomy, but will also provide important societal benefits.
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