Global Tomography-Based Reconstructions of the Evolution of 3-D Mantle Temperature Anomalies in the Geological Past and Their Dynamical Implications

Details Global Tomography-Based Reconstructions of the Evolution of 3-D Mantle Temperature Anomalies in the Geological Past and Their Dynamical Implications Global Tomography-Based Reconstructions of the Evolution of 3-D Mantle Temperature Anomalies in the Geological Past and Their Dynamical Implications

Dec 2002

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agufm.t61a1214f&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002, abstract #T61A-1214

Mathematics

Logic

1645 Solid Earth, 8121 Dynamics, Convection Currents And Mantle Plumes, 8125 Evolution Of The Earth, 8180 Tomography

Scientific paper

Tomography-based mantle flow models provide constraints on the dynamics and thermal structure of the mantle which are relevant to the present-day state of our planet's interior. We have developed flow models [Forte and Mitrovica, 2001; Forte et al., 2002] which are consistent with a wide variety of surface geodynamical constraints (e.g., tectonic plate motions, global gravity anomalies, dynamic surface topography) and are based on mantle density and thermal anomalies derived from the most recent high-resolution models of global shear-wave heterogeneity [Grand, 2002]. These estimates of mantle thermal structure provide an initial condition for high-resolution reconstructions of the past spatial and temporal evolution of the 3-D structure in the mantle using numerical models of time-dependent thermal convection [Espesset and Forte, 2002]. The numerical procedure is similar that first employed in global reconstructions by Forte and Mitrovica [Nature, 1997] and Steinberger & O'Connell [Nature, 1997] which were based on earlier, lower-resolution, very-long wavelength tomography models. The high Rayleigh number which characterizes mantle convection implies that the advection of temperature prevails over the non-reversible effects of diffusion and dissipation everywhere, except in the upper and lower thermal boundary layers. We present a series of simulations which show that we can reconstruct the evolution of the temperature anomalies in the mantle over the past 30 to 50 Ma and incur errors in the bulk of the mantle which are only a few percent. These reconstructions provide estimates of the past evolution of a wide variety of surface geophysical and geological processes. We will in particular focus on the implications for convection-induced variations in Earth rotation (e.g., true polar wander, axial precession and obliquity perturbations) and for variations in time-dependent global surface topography over the past 50 Ma

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