Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
May 2010
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010aas...21631301m&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, AAS Meeting #216, #313.01; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 41, p.888
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
As the primary means for energy transport through the solar envelope, and as the underlying impetus behind the solar dynamo, convection plays an essential role in solar irradiance variability. The thermal structure of the convection zone is intimately tied to convective heat and momentum transport, differential rotation, and meridional circulation. The principle dynamical balances in the deep convection zone involve the convective Reynolds stress, the advection of angular momentum by the meridional circulation, the Coriolis force operating on the axial component of the rotational shear, and baroclinic accelerations associated with a poleward gradient of the specific entropy. Although these balances break down near the surface, they may still give rise to detectable irradiance variations, particularly in young, rapidly-rotating stars where the rotational and thermal gradients are enhanced. However, angular momentum transport in the near-surface shear layer induces a poleward meridional circulation which may act to reduce latitudinal irradiance variations. Variations with time of the solar and stellar irradiance are due primarily to surface magnetic activity, which is in turn linked to the global dynamo. Magnetic self-organization in the deep convection zone determines the topology and evolution of these surface fields, which in turn affects the irradiance. Evolving magnetic activity in the deep convection zone can also affect irradiance by slightly altering the solar diameter, as the turbulent and magnetic pressure modify the hydrostatic balance. I will discuss these issues within the context of convection and dynamo models and how they may be constrained by solar and stellar irradiance measurements.
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