New paleomagnetic results from Cretaceous sediments near Lisboa (Portugal) and implications for the rotation of Iberia

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Paleomagnetic study of outer platform sediments of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous age from Portugal (Lisboa area) leads to characteristic remanent magnetization directions for the Hauterivian-Barremian (D = 317°, I = 58°) and the Aptian (D = 344°, I = 47°). The absolute rotation of Iberia between 125 and 110 Ma is consequently of about 27° in an anticlockwise sense. A later rotation of about 14° follows the first one in the same sense from 110 Ma. The total absolute rotation of Iberia from the Hauterivian age determined by paleomagnetism is thus about 41°.
The comparison of declinations measured with paleodeclinations calculated in Lisboa from the Eurasian and African poles of similar age indicates that the main phase of relative rotation of Iberia with respect to Eurasia occurs during the first stage of relative motion (i.e. Hauterivian to Aptian).
The tectonic history of the Bay of Biscay is in good agreement with these two stages of rotation. The total relative rotation with respect to Europe is 34°. This value is consistent with results previously established by Van der Voo [2,3,25], but we have established that the main phase of rotation (30°) occurs in the Hauterivian-Aptian interval. The movement of Iberia is clearly linked to the movement of Africa in direction and age, but the amount of rotation of Iberia, during the Early Cretaceous, is much larger and implies that Iberia was not a real part of the African plate.

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