The story of AM Herculis

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Eclipsing Binary Stars, Light Curve, Polarization Characteristics, Stellar Spectra, X Ray Sources, Circular Polarization, Companion Stars, Radial Velocity, Stellar Magnetic Fields, Stellar Models, White Dwarf Stars

Scientific paper

The way in which the eclipsing binary system AM Herculis was identified as the optical counterpart of the X-ray source 3U 1809+50 is reviewed. The identification was positively confirmed on the basis of observations of variable linear and circular polarization of starlight as well as correlation between the X-ray and optical light curves despite such puzzling phenomena as the occurrence of the primary minimum at different times in different colors and sharply peaked linear polarization of yellow light just before the onset of total X-ray eclipse. A model is discussed in which a white dwarf distorts a cool distended normal star into an egg-shaped figure, one face of the cooler normal star is heated by the X-ray source, and a gas stream closely resembling a superviolet tornado connects the two stars.

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