Periods, cycles, and chaos in the high-energy emissions of gamma Cas

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

The behavior of γ Cas (B0.5eIV) is so far unique among high-mass X-ray sources. We review its X-ray and related optical and UV variations as examples of periodic, cyclical, and chaotic processes. Most of this related variability, including an apparently regular 1.1-day period in UV continuum and line flux, 7-hour cycles in X-ray and in UV line flux, chaotic ``shots" in the X-rays, and a variety of undulating patterns in the X-ray and UV, can best be explained by the X-ray sources residing near the Be star. However, a ~70-day cyclic and correlated variation of X-ray and optical fluxes cannot be so readily explained by near-surface generation -- nor by accretion in a binary component. Thus, we are led to a unique picture in which these variations arise from a dynamo excited in the Be disk.

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