Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Aug 1977
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977a%26a....60...13c&link_type=abstract
Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 60, no. 1, Aug. 1977, p. 13-26.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
16
Astronomical Models, Background Radiation, Big Bang Cosmology, Star Formation, Black Holes (Astronomy), Density Distribution, Main Sequence Stars, Pair Production, Perturbation Theory, Radiation Distribution
Scientific paper
There is no reason why the 3-K background radiation should exist all the way back to the big bang, and many cosmological models assume that the universe starts off cold (i.e., photonless). In this situation the universe's equation of state becomes soft after 0.0001 s, the Jeans mass never rising above approximately 1 solar mass until the 3-K radiation is generated. During this period bound regions could form from initial density fluctuations very easily. These regions could collapse enough to initiate nuclear reactions and, in some circumstances, would evolve into ordinary main-sequence-type stars. Although any primordial stars would have burnt out by now, they would have had two interesting consequences: (1) some of the stars would have collapsed to form a population of black holes and (2) primordial stars could have generated much helium and heavy elements. In most circumstances, the combination of cosmological and stellar nucleosynthesis would produce too much or too little helium to be consistent with observation. However, it might be possible to generate a 25-30% helium abundance (as required) through primordial star processes if the fluctuations in the early universe have a special form.
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