Diffuse alpha particles upstream of simulated quasi-parallel supercritical collisionless shocks

Details Diffuse alpha particles upstream of simulated quasi-parallel supercritical collisionless shocks Diffuse alpha particles upstream of simulated quasi-parallel supercritical collisionless shocks

Oct 1991

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1991georl..18.1817t&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276), vol. 18, Oct. 1991, p. 1817-1820.

Statistics

22

Alpha Particles, Particle Acceleration, Shock Wave Propagation, Solar Protons, Solar Wind, Computerized Simulation, Energy Spectra, Ion Injection, Mach Number

Scientific paper

One-dimensional hybrid simulations of quasi-parallel collisionless shocks have been performed. Alpha particles are included in the simulations self-consistently in such a way that sufficient simulation particles are present to give reasonable statistics. It is found that a fraction of the incoming solar wind protons and alpha particles is accelerated near the shock and escapes upstream. These particles constitute a diffuse upstream particle population. The density ratio bias factor (i.e., the density ratio of diffuse alpha particles to diffuse protons normalized to the solar wind He(2+) to H(+) density ratio) varies between 0.5 and 4.0, and depends on the solar wind He(2+) to H(+) density ratio and on the shock Mach number. The density ratio bias factor for a low Mach number shock M(A) = 4.6 is f about 0.5 when the alpha particles are treated as test particles and increases to about 1 when the solar wind ratio of alpha to protons is 0.25. For a high Mach number shock of M(A) = 8.9 with a very small alpha particle contribution to the solar wind, a density ratio bias factor of f about 4 was obtained.

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