Emission at cyclotron harmonics due to coalescence of z-mode waves

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Cyclotron Frequency, Emission Spectra, Harmonic Radiation, Solar Radio Bursts, Brightness Temperature, Electron Cyclotron Heating, Kilometric Waves, Magnetic Field Configurations

Scientific paper

An alternative emission for generating harmonics of the cyclotron frequency is explored. The proposed emission mechanism is emission at the second harmonic of the cyclotron frequency due to coalescence of two z-mode waves, and emission at higher harmonics with emission at the (n+1)th harmonic due to coalescence of nth harmonic emission with a z-mode wave. It is argued that the z-mode may be the dominant mode of electron cyclotron maser emission due to a loss-cone distribution, with the waves' energy being concentrated near perpendicular propagation and just above the cyclotron frequency. The proposed mechanism has the following properties. It can produce harmonic structure with n = 2, 3, ... , with comparable brightness at the different harmonics as reported by Guedel (1990). The predicted maximum brightness temperature is safely in excess of the maximum brightness temperature observed. The predicted polarization is nearly 100 percent in the sense of the x-mode provided that the weaker o-mode component does not saturate. The highest harmonic is limited by the available energy density in the z-mode waves.

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