Origin of auroral convexity

Mathematics

Scientific paper

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Auroras, Earth Magnetosphere, Polar Substorms, Space Plasmas, Convexity, Electric Field Strength, Field Aligned Currents, Hall Effect, Mathematical Models, Plasma Heating, Plasma-Electromagnetic Interaction

Scientific paper

The poleward motion of the auroral convexity is explained by the heating of the magnetospheric plasma inside a region of field-aligned currents and longitudinal potential-difference. The heated magnetospheric plasma moves away from the earth. If the Hall conductivity of the ionosphere below the heated-plasma region increases, the polarization electric-field inside this region acquires a poleward component, and the velocity of the heated region acquires a westward component. Expected poleward velocities of the heated plasma agree with observed velocities of the auroral convexity and amount to several km/s at the ionospheric level.

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