The Lunar Geosciences Orbiter mission

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Lunar Exploration, Lunar Probes, Unmanned Spacecraft, Lunar Geology, Lunar Photography

Scientific paper

Current plans for the Lunar Geosciences Orbiter (LGO) are described, noting that its purpose will be to help answer some of the most fundamental questions in lunar science today by mapping the moon's surface to determine the distribution of minerals and elements. The proposed orbiter is part of a series of unmanned flights, only one of which is approved so far: a Mars Observer mission which NASA expects to launch in 1990. The others include a Near Earth Asteroid rendezvous mission, a Mars Aeronomy Observer (studying the upper atmosphere), and LGO. A standardized spacecraft with individually tailored experiments (probably including a mapping spectrometer, a gamma ray spectrometer and a mapping camera) is planned. Unlike Mars, the moon has not been thoroughly mapped; and despite decades of study, its origin has remained a mystery. (A revolutionary new theory, noted in a side-bar, suggests that the moon consists mostly of the mantle of a Mars-sized protoplanet that collided with the earth and merged its iron core with our planet perhaps four billion years ago).

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