Other
Scientific paper
Jun 1919
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1919phrv...13..438h&link_type=abstract
Physical Review, vol. 13, Issue 6, pp. 438-479
Other
3
Scientific paper
Synopsis.-In the experiments as described air was pumped first through a set of tubes designed to remove carbon dioxide and moisture, then through the throttling device or "porous plug" and finally back to the pump. The plug and tubing immediately leading to it were immersed in an oil bath thermostat. The bath temperatures, for the most part, lay between 0° and 100° C., the mean pressures, from 4.5 to 6.4 meters of mercury, while the pressure-drop varied between 0.25 and 0.80 meters of mercury. The temperature-drop was measured by platinum resistance thermometers differentially connected. The plug was of the radial flow type originated by Regnault, roughly cylindrical in form, through the walls of which the air flowed toward the axis, escaping finally through one end. The accidental errors were apparently of an order under one per cent. The Joule-Thomson coefficient (μ) was found to have a decreasing linear variation with increasing mean pressures. Its dependence upon both temperature and pressure are embodied in either of two empirical formulas, namely: μ=+0.3935-0.0069Ip-0.001835t+0.00000I34t2+0.0000325pt μ=-0.2599+182.0Iτ-552.4pτ2 all pressures being measures in meters of mercury, t in degrees C., while τ=273+t. These formulas are applied to calculate the temperature of the ice point on the thermodynamic scale, to reduce to the same scale the readings of the constant pressure air thermometer and to discuss the variations of cp with pressure. Good agreement with the results of other work is found in the second and third cases, while in the first, the result, in common with that found from other Joule-Thomson data, is higher than the result found from the characteristic gas equations. The paper includes a brief historical summary of previous experimental work, a discussion of several theoretical points and of sources of error, especially heat leakage.
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