Other
Scientific paper
Jan 1920
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1920natur.104..468s&link_type=abstract
Nature, Volume 104, Issue 2619, pp. 468 (1920).
Other
Scientific paper
IN discussing the effects of atmospheric refraction during solar eclipses Prof. Anderson disregards the shallowness of the effective layer of air as compared with the diameter of the moon's shadow. Unless the sun be very near the horizon, a line of sight drawn from the centre of the umbra to a point in the corona will remain within the umbra right through this layer. This consideration vitiates the method of solution adopted by Prof. Anderson, and consequently its results. On reading his first letter (NATURE, December 4, 1919) I was struck by the ingenuity of his explanation, more especially as I believe he under valued the amount of the angular deviation arrived at on his theory through taking the sun's radius to be half, instead of a quarter of, a degree. In view of the importance of the subject, a fuller investigation seemed to be required. I hope soon to publish a note giving the complete solution of the problem, and may therefore confine myself here to a statement of the result, which is quite fatal to Prof. Anderson's explanation. I take the altitude of the sun to be 45° and the maximum fall of temperature 4° the figures given may easily be modified to suit other conditions. I further assume the most favourable distribution of temperature, which is that adopted by Prof. Anderson, when the line of maximum fall of temperature is parallel to the edges of the moon's shadow and independent of altitude. Two stars at a distance of three solar, diameters from each other might then show an increase in apparent distance owing to refraction amounting to the 240,000th part of a second of arc. If the diminution of the temperature effect with altitude be taken into account, this figure should be divided by 4.
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