Interplanetary radial cosmic-ray gradients and their implication for a possible large modulation effect at the heliospheric boundary

Details Interplanetary radial cosmic-ray gradients and their implication for a possible large modulation effect at the heliospheric boundary Interplanetary radial cosmic-ray gradients and their implication for a possible large modulation effect at the heliospheric boundary

Jun 1987

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1987apj...317..534w&link_type=abstract

Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X), vol. 317, June 1, 1987, p. 534-542. Research supported by the Alexander von Humb

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

51

Cosmic Rays, Heliosphere, Interplanetary Space, Modulation, Plasma-Electromagnetic Interaction, Radial Distribution, Solar Cycles, Solar Terrestrial Interactions, Solar Wind

Scientific paper

The authors show that a large and time variable part of the overall 11 yr solar cosmic-ray modulation appears to be taking place near the heliospheric boundary itself. This conclusion is reached by examining interplanetary radial gradient measurements which show that out to ≡30 - 40 AU this gradient remains nearly independent of heliocentric distance throughout the solar cycle, along with properties of the solar wind which suggest that the distance to the pressure balance boundary (presumably a standing termination shock within a turbulent region of possibly several AU in extent and which is equivalent to the modulation boundary) does not vary by more than ±25% over the solar cycle. The large modulation effect at the boundary could be strongly rigidity dependent and could exceed in importance the interplanetary effects expected from present models of solar modulation.

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