Observations of the Galilean Satellites in Support of the New Horizons Flyby

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On February 28 2007 the New Horizons NH spacecraft will fly by Jupiter on its way to Pluto, and will conduct an extensive series of observations of the Jupiter system, including the Galilean satellites. We propose HST observations to support and complement the New Horizons observations in four ways: 1 Determine the distribution and variability of Io's plumes in the two weeks before NH closest approach, to look for correlations with Io-derived dust streams that may be detected by New Horizons, to understand the origin of the dust streams; 2 Imaging of SO2 and S2 gas absorption in Io's plumes in Jupiter transit, which cannot be done by NH; 3 Color imaging of Io's surface to determine the effects of the plumes and volcanos seen by New Horizons on the surface- New Horizons cannot image the sunlit surface in color due to saturation; 4 Imaging of far-UV auroral emissions from the atmospheres of Io, Europa, and Ganymede in Jupiter eclipse, near-simultaneously with disk-integrated NH UV spectra, to locate the source of the UV emissions seen by NH and use the response of the satellite atmospheres to the eclipse to constrain production mechanisms.

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