Viscosity and mixing in molten (Ca, Mg) pyroxenes and garnets

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Scientific paper

A creep apparatus has been built to measure, with inaccuracies of less than 0.04 log poise, viscosities of supercooled silicate melts in the range 10 9 -10 14 poises. Measurements on seven pyroxene and five garnet supercooled liquid compositions along the joins MgSiO 3 -CaSiO 3 and Mg 3 Al 2 Si 3 O 12 Ca 3 Al 2 Si 3 O 12 made between 1000 and 1150 K show deep minima in the viscosity-composition relationship for both joins. These minima reduce when the temperature increases and disappear eventually. Within the framework of the configurational entropy theory of relaxation processes, these observations can be accounted for quantitatively in terms of the contribution of ideal (Ca, Mg) mixing to the total configurational entropy of the melts. The configurational entropies determined from the viscosity measurements agree with the values determined by calorimetry for liquid CaSiO 3 , CaMgSi 2 O 6 , MgSiO 3 , and Mg3Al 2 Si 3 O 12 . The heat capacities of Ca 3 Al 2 Si 3 O 12 glass and liquid have also been obtained from dropcalorimetry measurements.

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