Pulsation and convection in Luminous Blue Variable stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Scientific paper

Evolution, linear pulsation studies, and hydrodynamic calculations at Los Alamos over the last 12 years will be reviewed to discuss mechanisms that can cause at least the observed milder, S Doradus type, outbursts. Eddington found long ago that where the radiation luminosity exceeds the Eddington luminosity, the internal pressure gradient is steeper than can be constrained by the local gravity. Then local outward motions can happen and, when the super-Eddington luminosities occur in thick layers, hydrodynamic outbursts can occur. Large luminosities are usually accommodated by stellar models having a significant convection zone to carry the large luminosity, but if the convection turns on and off during pulsations, and is not able to adapt rapidly enough relative to the natural pulsation period of the model, significant outward motions can occur. Then both radial and nonradial outflow occur. We believe that super-Eddington luminosities and time-dependent convection are important mechanisms for at least low mass loss outbursts.

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