Supernova Impostors: LBV Outbursts from the Most Massive Stars

Details Supernova Impostors: LBV Outbursts from the Most Massive Stars Supernova Impostors: LBV Outbursts from the Most Massive Stars

Aug 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006iaujd...5e...6v&link_type=abstract

Calibrating the Top of the Stellar M-L Relation, 26th meeting of the IAU, Joint Discussion 5, 16 August 2006, Prague, Czech Repu

Computer Science

Scientific paper

Several recent luminous events that have been identified initially as supernovae (SNe) are probably not genuine SNe at all. Instead we argue that these events are more likely the outbursts, or super-outbursts, of very massive stars in the luminous blue variable (LBV) phase. At least two of these events are analogous to the Great Eruption of eta Carinae. The energetics of the outbursts are comparable to those of SNe, and, hence, these objects masquerade as SN "impostors." The classical examples are SN 1961V in NGC 1058 and SN 1954J /Variable 12 in NGC 2403. More recent examples include SN 1997bs in NGC 3627, SN 2000ch in NGC 3432, and SN 2002kg/Variable 37, also in NGC 2403. For several of these objects using both ground-based and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data we have been able to constrain initial masses. For SN 1954J/V12 we have identified the survivor of the super-outburst within a dusty Homunculus-like nebula and estimate a mass M_ini >~ 25 Msuns. For SN 2002kg/V37 we limit the precursor star's mass to M_ini >~ 40 Msuns. For SN 1997bs we also identified the precursor, however without color information, we can only infer that the highly luminous star (M_V =-8.1 mag) had initial mass greater than about 20 solar masses. These impostors exhibit a broad range of properties, however they clearly represent an interesting pre-SN evolutionary phase for very massive stars.

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