Supernovae and GRB progenitors

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Scientific paper

Over the past 5 years we have been attempting to directly detect the massive progenitor stars of nearby supernovae (<20Mpc) in archive HST images, combined with an HST ToO programme in Cycles 10-14. We have detected the progenitors of three type II-P SNe in M74 and M51, showing them to be red supergiants with initial masses close to the theoretical limit for core-collapse (8 solar masses). We have set robust upper luminosity and mass limits on another 12 progenitor stars (from type II-P, and Ib/c) supernovae. There are three striking results so far from this project. One is that we have observationally confirmed for the first time that the common type II-P SNe do indeed come from red supergiants. The second is that II-P SNe only appear to arise in stars with initial masses less than 15 solar masses. Thirdly we find that faint SNe which have been thought to come from black-hole forming SNe are more likely to have low mass progenitors. We will present the results of this survey and review the work from other competing groups in the field

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