Space Shuttle data and atmospheric models

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Atmospheric Density, Atmospheric Models, Gravity Waves, Middle Atmosphere, Space Shuttle Missions, Accelerometers, Annual Variations, Reference Atmospheres, Seasons

Scientific paper

Atmospheric density data obtained during the reentry of 22 Shuttle flights have been analyzed and compared with models. It was found that the density values from two flights that reentered through high latitudes were quite different from the values obtained from low and mid latitude flights. Data from a December high latitude flight agreed with models, although as low as 60 percent of the U.S. Standard Atmosphere, but the data from an October flight were as much as 25 percent below the October models, although 57 percent of the U.S. Standard. The difference was possibly due to the effects of particle precipitation. Data from the mid and low latitude flights, in general, agreed well with the models, with a mean deviation of -2.3 percent at 50 km and -11 percent at 85 km. Most flights showed evidence of gravity waves above 70 km, with largest amplitudes in summer, and little activity in the winter or at high latitudes. It is concluded that the models for latitudes between 20 deg N and 20 deg S need to be revised.

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