The escape of 100 MeV photons from cosmological gamma-ray bursts

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Cosmology, Gamma Ray Astronomy, Gamma Ray Bursts, Photons, Astronomical Spectroscopy, Emission Spectra, Photosphere, Relativistic Particles

Scientific paper

Recent BATSE results indicate that gamma-ray bursts may be at cosmological distances. We have investigated two models of relativistic flows that could provide the requisite beaming to allow the escape of 100 MeV photons: a stationary relativistic wind with a photosphere and a relativistic expanding shell. For typical cosmological gamma-ray burst parameters, the expanding shell model requires a Lorentz factor (gamma) of only 100 compared to 300 to 1000 for the relativistic wind. For the expanding shell model, events separated in time at the central source produce peaks observed to be separated by the same time. However, the shape and duration of the peaks are determined by the expansion. The expansion can occur over a much longer time (by gamma squared) than the duration that the observer sees, so the photosphere of the gamma-ray burst could be larger than 100 light-seconds.

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