Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Dec 2009
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009agufm.p11c1238c&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2009, abstract #P11C-1238
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
[6213] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Dust, [6240] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Meteorites And Tektites, [7599] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / General Or Miscellaneous
Scientific paper
The accretion of dust onto chondrule-sized particles is modeled through magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of a protoplanetary disk. The observed dust rims around chondrules in meteorites, such as CM carbonaceous chondrites, have been suggested to form on the parent body by a combination of compaction and aqueous alteration of a generic enveloping matrix. However, a nebular origin of these rims seems to be favored in semi-analytical models, where turbulence drives the dynamics of dust sweep-up by chondrules. To assess the feasibility of this scenario, we model a small patch of a gaseous circumstellar disk. The patch is assumed to be located at an orbital radius of 3 AU , and is represented by a Cartesian box in which the equations of ideal MHD are solved. Turbulence is self-consistently generated by the action of the so-called magnetorotational instability, which is triggered by the effect of the disk differential rotation on magnetic field lines threading the disk. Fine-grained dust is modeled as a passive contaminant, with initial densities f0 equal to the gas density, and half this value. Turbulence quickly disperses the initial dust concentration, which acquires different equilibrium values depending on f0. These values can vary by as much as a factor of ˜100. Chondrules are modeled as Lagrangian particles that are subject to gas drag. An equation for the growth rate of the radius of a chondrule-dust compound is integrated whenever a chondrule enters a region permeated by dust, and perfect sticking is assumed. The rate of growth of the radius depends on the local dust density and on the relative velocity between the chondrule and the dust component. The variation of the equilibrium dust density has an effect on the final distribution of compound radii, with most compounds growing by factors ranging from less than ˜1.5 up to ˜8. Growth times are typically of the order of 10 years, roughly consistent with previous analytical results for the level of turbulence achieved by the MHD simulations. Future calculations should take into account non-ideal MHD effects that have a direct bearing on the turbulent structure of the protoplanetary nebula, and hence on the dust accretion dynamics.
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