Gamma rays from pion decay - Evidence for long-term trapping of particles in solar flares

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Energy Spectra, Gamma Rays, Pions, Solar Flares, Trapped Particles, Gamma Ray Observatory, Gamma Ray Spectra, Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence, Solar Corona, Solar Magnetic Field

Scientific paper

The energy spectrum and time dependence of the 50 MeV to 2 GeV gamma rays observed from the 1991 June 11 solar flare are analyzed. It is shown that the emission detected at the late phase of this flare with EGRET on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory can be explained by a model in which the bulk of the particles were accelerated during the impulsive phase and subsequently trapped in coronal magnetic loops. The observed spectrum was fit with a combination of pion decay radiation and primary electron bremsstrahlung. The 1991 June 11 data are compared with data for the 1982 June 3 and 1991 June 15 flares from which pion decay emission was also observed. The fact that the fluxes from these three flares are ordered in time in accordance with the predicted time dependence of emission produced by trapped particles provides support for the model.

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