Other
Scientific paper
Jul 1975
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1975aj.....80..532g&link_type=abstract
Astronomical Journal, vol. 80, July 1975, p. 532-539.
Other
8
Io, Long Term Effects, Orbit Calculation, Planetary Orbits, Satellite Perturbation, Secular Variations, Astronomical Models, Circular Orbits, Eclipses, Europa, Jupiter (Planet), Least Squares Method
Scientific paper
A circular orbit in a fixed plane was fitted to 50 eclipse observations of Io made from 1668 to 1678, and separately to 156 observations made from 1908 to 1926. Both models contain the perturbation in longitude produced by Europa. The mean residual of the 17th-century observations is 31.5 sec, and that of the 20th-century observations is 10.7 sec. Comparison of the longitudes from the two models gives an upper limit of 100 sec for the time shift between them, or in other terms the upper limit to the time derivative of Io's period divided by the period is 3 times 10 to the minus 18th power per sec. The observations have errors that increase systematically near opposition. Of five mechanisms considered which might change Io's period, three seem incapable of making a measuremable change. Two mechanisms (tidal coupling and magnetic coupling to the rapid spin of Jupiter) might be able to change the period, if Io were a free oscillator. However, the synchronization of Io to Europa, Ganymede, and Jupiter's shadow acts to reduce Io's response.
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