Scattering of sodium D photons by neutral gas in the planetary nebula BD +30 deg 3639

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Astronomical Spectroscopy, Interstellar Gas, Planetary Nebulae, Sodium, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Spectra, Continuous Radiation, Interstellar Extinction, Light Scattering, Spectral Resolution

Scientific paper

The authors report the detection of resonance D lines of Na I (λλ5890, 5895) formed in neutral material around the planetary nebula BD +30°3639. The circumstellar absorptions, seen against the continuum of the central star, have the same radial velocity as the blue edge of the expanding shell of ionized gas, -67 km s-1. At the spectral resolution of 10 km s-1, the circumstellar features are well separated from low-velocity features due to foreground interstellar material. Applying the doublet-ratio method, the authors infer the circumstellar column density of Na I toward the central star. At positions on the nebula located away from the central star, the authors see the reemerging sodium D photons as emission lines at the systemic nebular velocity of -31 km s-1.

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