Harmonic analysis of the solar magnetic field

Computer Science

Scientific paper

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Harmonic Analysis, Solar Corona, Solar Magnetic Field, Magnetic Field Configurations, Photosphere, Solar Cycles

Scientific paper

The spherical harmonics of the global solar magnetic field were calculated using photospheric field measurements. Near minimum the heliospheric field is predominantly a dipole field with a small quadrupole warp which influences the interplanetary medium at the Earth's latitude. Near solar maximum the magnitudes of the quadrupole and octopole components are comparable to the dipole. During most of the cycle the field cannot be adequately described as simply a dipole or tilted dipole. The polar and equatorial components of the dipole evolve independantly which means that the field evolution during the solar cycle should not be described as a rotating dipole. The amplitude modulation of the harmonics suggests a beating phenomenon among a few signals with closely spaced periods. Spectral analysis of the equatorial dipole shows dominant peaks at 27.0 and 28.2 days. The higher order harmonics have similar characteristics.

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