Optical study of the galactic nebula NGC 6357 and of its stellar content, Pis 24 and the WC 6 star HD 157504

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Astronomical Photography, Hot Stars, Molecular Clouds, Nebulae, Star Clusters, Wolf-Rayet Stars, Astronomical Photometry, Electron Density (Concentration), F Stars, H Ii Regions, Line Spectra, Morphology, Open Clusters, Photographic Plates

Scientific paper

The detailed optical and radio morphology, stellar content and physical conditions in different parts of the galactic nebula NGC 6357 have been studied from new stellar and nebular observations. The stars in this H II region are found to be much hotter than indicated by previous photometric studies, with an O4(f) star as the star with earliest spectral type. The WR star HD 157504 shows absorption lines of an O7-9 companion star. Close to the open cluster Pis 24, the core of the nebula G353.2 + 0.9 is of outstandingly high electron density (up to 4000 or 5000 electrons/cu cm) and high excitation. The overall ring morphology is found to be ionization-bounded; several other types of structures are studied, including high excitation filaments. The hypothesis of successive events including recent supernova explosions near the present position of Pis 24 is studied. The WC 6 star and its progenitor are not wholly responsible for the formation and expansion of the large outer shell.

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