Penetrating nature of very collimated high-energy shower-clusters of hadrons and gamma rays

Computer Science

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Cosmic Ray Showers, Gamma Rays, Hadrons, High Energy Interactions, Monte Carlo Method, Penetration, Angles (Geometry), Charged Particles, Energy Distribution, Flux (Rate), Incidence

Scientific paper

Calculation was conducted for the case of shower-clusters with non-vertical incidence, and contribution from hadronic showers was also included in the calculation. The following simulation calculations were conducted: (1) atmospheric nuclear and electromagnetic cascade using Monte Carlo algorithm as a model of nuclear interactions and assuming all secondaries are pions for simplicity; (2) three-dimensional electromagnetic shower development inside the chamber, for each constituent shower particle, using Monte Carlo method taking into account the exact structure of Pamir carbon chamber; and (3) three-dimensional electromagnetic shower development inside the chamber applying the Monte Carlo method to the electrons, photons, and hadrons inside a square area of 22 times 22 sq mm of the family center. Experiment was conducted applying raster scanning over shower-cluster region (5 times 5 sq mm, 10 times 10 sq mm, etc., depending on the size) in x ray film of the four layers by microphotometer. In the simulated gamma and hadron families, hadrons are usually spread out and very small number of hadrons are found in the central part of the families. Penetrating power seen in experimental data was large possibly due to contributions of hadronic component which have interacted inside carbon layer of 60 cm thick.

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