Shepherding satellites and dynamical structure of the rings of Uranus

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Orbit Perturbation, Planetary Structure, Uranus Rings, Uranus Satellites, Computational Astrophysics, Eccentricity, Planetary Orbits, Voyager Project

Scientific paper

The structure of the alpha, beta, and epsilon rings of Uranus, with noncircular orbits, the eccentricities increasing as the semimajor axes and the apsidal motions common in each ring, is explained by the gravitational action of unknown shepherding satellites, which produce appreciable eccentricities to the rings. Their orbits are much closer to the rings than any of the shepherding satellites discovered by the Voyager spacecraft. Since the eccentricities of the ring particles are shown to be produced due to actions of the satellite in this paper, their apsidal motions are synchronized in each ring and are equal to that of the shepherding satellite. Since the eccentricity is increased toward the outer edge of the ring, the satellite must be outside of the ring by 10-100 km apart from the outer edge of the ring. Their masses are estimated to be of the order of 10 exp -11 - 10 exp -10 of that of Uranus, that is, 10 exp 18 - 10 exp 19 g, and are less than that of any known satellite.

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