Evolution of albedos of cometary dirty ice grains

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Albedo, Cometary Atmospheres, Ice Nuclei, Interplanetary Dust, Galactic Cosmic Rays, Impurities, Solar Wind, Surface Roughness, Temporal Distribution

Scientific paper

The generalized geometric albedo Ap(Theta) of cometary dirty ice grains with radii of about a few mm are determined as a function of the volume fraction (f) of impurities in the ice material using the optical constants of heterogeneous ice grains computed by the Maxwell-Garnett rule. Ap(Theta) is shown to increase with increase in the absorption coefficient of the dirty ice grains due to the greater external reflection of more absorbing material, and to decrease with increasing surface roughness. An increase of f, due to decrease of the volume fraction of volatiles by sublimation or sputtering by the solar wind, is shown to result in brighter dust with time and near the sun, and the smoothing of the surface of dust in interplanetary space is suggested to accelerate the production of brighter dust with time.

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