Ram-Pressure Accretion of Intergalactic Gas Clouds by Galaxies

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Intergalactic gas clouds are captured and accreted by an encounter with gaseous halos of galaxies due to the ram-pressure friction. If clouds are captured by an elliptical galaxy embedded in a hot halo without rotation, they first form a circum-galactic band of cool gas and then fall toward the central region along an "accretion spiral", and probably act to fuel the AGN. If clouds are captured by a spiral galaxy with a rotating disk and halo, they form stochastic spiral arms in the outer region of the galaxy, while they make a ring feature in the inner region. The accretion rate is higher when clouds' encounter is retrograde with respect to the galaxy's rotation, while it is lower when the encounter is direct. This asymmetric accretion about the rotation axis results in a significant loss of angular momentum of the disk and halo, leading to a subsequent contraction of the galactic disk. When the encounter is off the galactic plane, retrograde clouds are captured and further accreted into the nuclear region along polar orbits. This accretion toward the central region feeds cool gas to the nucleus and will trigger starburst. Such an external fueling will act as the triggering mechanism for starburst. In isolated spiral galaxies. The accretion of intergalactic clouds may also explain some peculiar kinematics of gas such as the counter-rotation in the central regions of some early-type galaxies. We point out that such a gas-dynamical process of accretion of intergalactic gas clouds, besides the gravitational effect, would have played an important role in the evolution and dynamics of primeval galaxies in the early universe, when the intergalactic space was rich in protogalactic gas clouds.

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