Science of the Solar System with GAIA

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

GAIA is a proposed satellite for ESA's next cornerstone mission dedicated to high accuracy astrometry of our Galaxy in the 6-dimensional `phase-space'. With its complete sky coverage down to V<=20, the GAIA telescope will observe a huge number of solar system objects -- mainly main-belt asteroids -- and possibly detect new ones in particular at small solar elongations or larger distances from the ecliptic where usual sureys are lacking observations. GAIA will provide high precision astrometry ( 1 mas) and multi-wavelength photometry ( 0.001 mag). This will yield taxonomy and orbits determination for almost all obseved objects. GAIA will also enable tests of general relativity, direct size and mass determination for about thousand asteroids. From these better constrained physical and dynamical parameters, the GAIA mission will improve in many aspects our knowledge of the formation and evolution of our Solar System. D. Hestroffer acknowledges fundings from the Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino.

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