Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
May 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002aas...200.3202n&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, 200th AAS Meeting, #32.02; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 34, p.685
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
We review the characteristics of nucleosynthesis in 'Hypernovae', i.e., supernovae with very large explosion energies ( ≳ 1052 ergs). The hypernova yields compared to those of ordinary core-collapse supernovae show the following characteristics: 1) Complete Si-burning takes place in more extended region, so that the mass ratio between the complete and incomplete Si burning regions is generally larger in hypernovae than normal supernovae. As a result, higher energy explosions tend to produce larger [(Zn, Co)/Fe], small [(Mn, Cr)/Fe], and larger [Fe/O], which could explain the trend observed in very metal-poor stars. 2) Si-burning takes place in lower density regions, so that the effects of α -rich freezeout is enhanced. Thus 44Ca, 48Ti, and 64Zn are produced more abundantly than in normal supernovae. The large [(Ti, Zn)/Fe] ratios observed in very metal poor stars strongly suggest a significant contribution of hypernovae. 3) Oxygen burning also takes place in more extended regions for the larger explosion energy. Then a larger amount of Si, S, Ar, and Ca (``Si") are synthesized, which makes the ``Si"/O ratio larger. The abundance pattern of the starburst galaxy M82 may be attributed to hypernova explosions. Asphericity in the explosions strengthens the nucleosynthesis properties of hypernovae except for ``Si"/O. We thus suggest that hypernovae make important contribution to the early Galactic (and cosmic) chemical evolution.
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