Mathematics
Scientific paper
Jul 1984
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1984natur.310..218k&link_type=abstract
Nature (ISSN 0028-0836), vol. 310, July 19, 1984, p. 218, 219.
Mathematics
Geopotential, Gravitational Fields, Satellite Orbits, Spherical Harmonics, Coefficients, Geoids, Mathematical Models, Orbital Elements, Remote Sensing, Satellite Observation
Scientific paper
The earth's gravitational potential is usually expressed as a double infinite series of spherical harmonics. In recent models, derived from photographic, radio and laser observations of satellites, gravimetry and satellite altimetry, the harmonics have been evaluated up to a degree and an order of 36 or more, so that there are 1296 or more coefficients to be evaluated. The geoid surfaces derived from such models have errors of approximately 1 m, but much better accuracy is required to take advantage of satellite altimeter measurements accurate to 10 cm or better. So there is a continuing demand to improve the models. The accuracy of the individual coefficients is questionable, and difficult to estimate. The most precise technique for determining coefficients of a particular order is by analysis of satellite orbits which experience resonance with the earth's gravitational field. Individual harmonic coefficients of orders 15 and 30 have recently been reevaluated from analyses of 24 orbits having a wide range of inclinations to the equator. These coefficients have standard deviations equivalent to an accuracy in geoid height of 1 cm, for degree up to 23, and are valuable as a standard against which the comprehensive gravity field models can be tested.
King-Hele D. G.
Walker Doreen M. C.
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