Frequency of Multiple Systems Among Cepheid Binaries: Implications For Star Formation

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This is a proposal to test a sample of binary cepheids for multiplicity by searching for short period radial velocity variations of their hot companions. It is largely based on archival high dispersion observations for 6 stars. Observations are also requested for S Sge to increase the sample, and for T Mon in a separate proposal. With this sample we will be able to determine the fraction of binaries which are multiple and also to derive a lower limit to the mass ratio of the cepheid to the spectroscopic binary (M single/MSB). This last ratio provides basic data about the fragmentation process. Currently all cases listed by Fekel (1981), (referred to as Fekel hereafter) have M sin/M SB < 1, i.e., apparently it is always the larger mass which fragments in hierarchical fragmentation. However selection effects work against detection of systems for which M sin/M SB > I in the visual region. S Sge and T Mon are systems for which M sin/M SB may well be greater than one, and hence are good tests of whether the common pattern is universal.

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