A survey of proper-motion stars. V - Extreme-velocity stars and the local galactic escape velocity

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Escape Velocity, Galactic Rotation, Interstellar Matter, Milky Way Galaxy, Radial Velocity, Histograms, Mass To Light Ratios, Solar System, Southern Hemisphere, Stellar Color

Scientific paper

Recent work on identifying stars with extreme velocities in the Galaxy's rest frame is summarized. These stars provide a sample for future studies of the chemical history, as well as the frequency and characteristics, of spectroscopic binaries of the outer halo. The stars with the most extreme velocities in the three primary Galactic directions and in the Galaxy's rest frame are studied, and these velocities are used to estimate the local value of the Galactic escape velocity, which may be greater than 500 km/s. Assuming a flat rotation curve, this implies that the total Galactic mass exceeds that within the solar orbit by a factor of about 5, and that the Galaxy extends to about 45 kpc. The resultant mass-to-blue-light ratio is greater than about 25. Most of the mass (about two-thirds or more) is due to dark matter.

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