Exploring Galaxy Formation and Reionization Towards the Cosmic Dawn

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

I review observational studies of galaxies at z˜ 4-10. Recent deep surveys push the limit of large telescopes, and aim to accomplish two major goals: (i) characterizing galaxy evolution in the cosmic time and (ii) understanding the history of reionization. Luminosity functions (LFs) of dropout galaxies and Lyα emitters (LAEs) indicate that a very young Lyα emitting population emerges at z˜ 6, while a number of post-starburst galaxies already exist at this epoch. The combination of theoretical models, LFs, and correlation functions of LAEs places upper limits on neutral fraction of inter-galactic medium which do not prefer beginning of reionization at z=6-7 but a moderate change of neutral hydrogen from z=6 to 7. Ambitious on-going projects search for galaxies beyond the current observational limit of z=7 in blank and nearby-cluster fields. These on-going searches not only extend the investigations of galaxies at z=3-7, but also become precursors of future studies that address questions about reionization history and first-generation stars at z˜ 10-20 with the upcoming very large telescopes, i.e., JWST and ELTs, in the 2010s.

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