Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Jul 1973
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1973ap%26ss..23..227w&link_type=abstract
Astrophysics and Space Science, Volume 23, Issue 1, pp.227-255
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
21
Scientific paper
This work is divided into 13 sections and 2 appendices, and aims to elucidate the accretion mechanism, which operates via image-theory forces, whenever two interstellar dust grains come close together. Section 1 is an introduction. Section 2 proposes that the distribution of interstellar grains be taken asn(r) ∝r -4 to avoid distortion of the 3K microwave background by radiation from spinning grains. Section 3 examines each of three types of image force accretion processes, finding them to be dominant compared to radiation or gravitational forces by at least a factor of 1019. Section 4 states that only grains made of conducting material (e.g., graphite, ice, iron) are involved in image theory. Section 5 presents reasons for believing that two grains should coalesce on impact. Section 6 examines the motion of charged interstellar grains in H i and H ii regions. Section 7 demonstrates, by way of four examples involving dust grains ofr=10-7 cm up tor=10-4 cm, that the image effects on conducting grains are not trivial, and that the dynamics involved is not to be compared at all with elementary Coulomb interaction of two changes. Section 8 concludes that accretion with not take place in H i clouds if thermal (equipartition) velocities prevail among the dust particles. section 9 examines grain interactions in H ii regions: here, following an argument due to Spitzer, consideration is given to the case of a population of dust grains all streaming in the direction of the local magnetic field B at velocities of order 0.1 km s-1. It is shown that accretion takes place effectively, leading to the formation of interstellar ‘grit’, meaning grains of mass 10-8 to 10-7 gm, radius ≃ 0.1 mm; and leaving also a population ofr≳10-6 cm grains, which are observed in polarization and extinction measurements. The existence of the latter is now a deduction and not an ad hoc postulate, as previously, and implies a distribution of the general formn(r) ∝r {mean/-3}, in approximate agreement with that of Section 2. Section 10 considers the accretion mechanism as a cascade process. Section 11 shows that the existence of grains in space ofr ≃ 10-6 cm rules out an origin in supernova or galactic explosions, and supports a passive origin, perhaps in red giants or Mira variables. Section 12 discusses the implications of the results found for polarization observations and cosmogony, the latter being given a new foundation in which planets of different composition form automatically from a solar nebula. Section 13 is a conclusion.
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