Equation of state constraints from neutron stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Scientific paper

Recent measurements of thermal radiation from neutron stars have suggested a rather broad range of radiation radii ( R_{infty}=R/sqrt{1-2GM/Rc2} ). Sources in M13 and Omega Cen imply R ∞˜12-14 km, but X7 in 47 Tuc implies R ∞˜16-20 km and RX J1856-3754 R ∞>17 km. If these measurements are all correct, only a limited selection of EOS’s could be consistent with them, but a broad range of neutron star masses (up to 2 M&sun;) would also be necessary. The surviving equations of state are incompatible with significant softening above nuclear saturation densities, such as would occur with Boson condensates, a low-density quark-hadron transition, or hyperons. Other potential constraints, such as from QPO’s, radio pulsar mass and moment of inertia measurements, and neutron star cooling, are compared.

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