Radiowave scattering and ultra-long-baseline interferometry

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Interstellar Space, Lunar Bases, Lunar Observatories, Radio Waves, Very Long Baseline Array (Vlba), Wave Scattering, Astronomical Observatories, Diffraction Patterns, Interplanetary Medium, Radio Sources (Astronomy), Scintillation, Spectral Resolution

Scientific paper

Interstellar scattering can irretrievably blur the images of compact radio sources when examined with extremely high resolution. Because of this effect, diffraction limited observations of extragalactic sources with an Earth-Moon baseline will only be possible at frequencies above about 7 GHz, in which case the resolution will be approx. = to or less than 20 microarcsec. Preliminary observations to determine the potential usefulness of such resolving power are discussed. The simplest of these would consist of a search for interstellar scintillations in compact sources at 10 GHz, which would provide an effective resolution about equal to that of an Earth-Moon baseline at this frequency. Also important in this context is the development of very long baseline interferometry in near-Earth orbit, as any ultra high resolution observations, if appropriate, would require intermediate baselines for mapping.

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