Integrated optics for astronomical interferometry. V. Extension to the K band

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Techniques: Interferometric

Scientific paper

We report laboratory and on sky characterizations of planar integrated optics beam combiners in the K ([2.0 mu m; 2.4 mu m]) and K' ([2.02 mu m; 2.30 mu m]) bands. Because of the strong scientific interests of the K band, we have extended the integrated optics technologies available in the telecom range (i.e. at 0.8 mu m, 1.3 mu m and 1.5 mu m) to 2.0-2.5 mu m. Ion exchange components optimized for these atmospheric bands provide stable contrasts higher than 95% with a laboratory white-light source and global throughputs of 35% in this spectral range. These results are completed with first stellar interferograms obtained with a silica-on-silicon two-way beam combiner on the IOTA interferometer. We characterized in the H and K bands the throughput of this beam combiner optimized for the H band ([1.47 mu m; 1.78 mu m]). On-sky fringes obtained on iota Aur in the H and K' bands clearly demonstrate a high instrumental contrast (larger than 50%) in both bands. This shows that integrated optics works with high performance outside its usual wavelength domain and provides good solutions for astronomical interferometry in a large wavelength range. We have measured single-mode ranges over 1 mu m on our components which would allow to observe in two spectral bands simultaneously or to integrate both metrology reference and science signals in a single chip for astrometric applications.

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