Biology
Scientific paper
Dec 2003
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003agufmsm12c..03j&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2003, abstract #SM12C-03
Biology
2419 Ion Chemistry And Composition (0335), 2716 Energetic Particles, Precipitating, 2756 Planetary Magnetospheres (5443, 5737, 6030), 6218 Jovian Satellites
Scientific paper
Sputtering by magnetospheric ions and radiolytic processes induced by the energy deposited by energetic ions and electrons [1] are sources of atmospheres and ionospheres of the icy Galilean satellites and are also significant drivers of molecular chemistry on their surfaces [2]. Ejection of neutrals from these surfaces and atmospheres and magnetic pickup of ions from the ionospheres are the source of material for a neutral torus and the Jovian magnetosphere at each of the satellite's orbital position. In-situ measurements of local magnetospheric, ionospheric, and atmospheric composition by the proposed Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter (JIMO) will clearly also contribute our understanding of the evolution of the satellite surfaces [3]. In this paper the connection between radiolytic production of atmospheric ions and neutrals, and the composition of the moon surfaces, will be described. This is done in order to assess our ability to relate atmospheric and ionospheric composition measurements to a description of the surface composition [3]. The state of our understanding of the radiolytic production of volatiles and refractory species in these surfaces will be reviewed and the results of model atmosphere calculations [4,5] will be reviewed and new model calculations will be presented. Particular attention will be paid to important trace gas-phase molecules detected Europa, Ganymede or Callisto that might be indicative of material exchange between the irradiated surfaces and the putative sub-surface oceans. An important issue for astrobiology at Europa is the effect of the radiation environment and the highly oxidized surface chemistry on detection of any potential biochemical signatures of life or precursors transported to the sensible surface from an ocean. The model calculations of the icy satellite atmospheres will also be useful for planning of instruments for future missions such as JIMO.
[1] Cooper, J.F., R.E. Johnson, B.H. Mauk, H.B. Garrett, and N. Gehrels 2001. Energetic Ion and Electron Irradiation of the Icy Galilean Satellites. Icarus 149(1), 133-159. [2] Johnson, R.E., R.W. Carlson, J.F. Cooper, C. Paranicas, M.H. Moore, and M. Wong 2003. Radiation Effects on the Surface of the Galilean Satellites, ed. F. Bagenal, Jupiter: Planet, Satellites & Magnetosphere, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, in press. [3] Johnson, R.E., R.M. Killen, J.H. Waite, W.S. Lewis 1998. Europa's Surface and Sputter-Produced Ionosphere. Geophys. Res. Letts. 25, 3257-3260. [4] Shematovich, V.I. and R.E. Johnson 2001. Near-Surface Oxygen Atmosphere at Europa. Adv. SpaceRes. 27, 1881-1888. [5] Leblanc, F., R.E. Johnson and M.E. Brown 2002. Europa's Sodium Atmosphere: an Ocean Source? Icarus 159, 132-144.
Carlson Richard W.
Cooper John F.
Johnson Robert E.
LeBlanc Francis
Shematovich Valery I.
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