Other
Scientific paper
Dec 2004
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2004aas...20512703d&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society Meeting 205, #127.03; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 36, p.1553
Other
2
Scientific paper
Isotopic analyses of meteorites have revealed that our Solar System contained a number of live short-lived radionuclides at its birth. These include {}41Ca (t1/2 = 0.10 Myr), {}36Cl (0.30 Myr), {}26Al (0.71 Myr), {}10Be (1.5 Myr), {}60Fe (1.5 Myr), {}53Mn (3.7 Myr), {}107Pd (6.5 Myr), {}129I (15.7 Myr), and {}182Hf (9 Myr). The radionuclide {}10Be, which must be created by spallation reactions, is known to be decoupled in meteorites from the other radionuclides, and must have a separate origin that predates the Solar System. Its origin has been attributed to trapping of {}10Be Galactic cosmic rays in the Sun's molecular cloud core (Desch et al. 2004; ApJ 602, 528). The most plausible explanation for the other radionuclides is a nearby supernova. Most models of injection of supernova radioactivities into the early Solar System hypothesize that the supernova triggered the collapse of the Sun's molecular cloud core. Chevalier (2000; ApJ 538, L151) has suggested instead that the supernova occurred after the Sun's protoplanetary disk had formed, and at a distance of < 1 pc, in analogy to the proplyds observed in the Orion Nebula only a few tenths of a parsec from θ 1 Ori C. We use meteoritical and astrophysical evidence to argue that this is by far the most plausible scenario for how the Solar System acquired its short-lived radionuclides. We hypothesize that radionuclides in the supernova ejecta condensed into grains which were then injected into our protoplanetary disk; there they were stopped like dust grains lodged in aerogel. Because of the proximity of the disk to the supernova, a key prediction of this ``aerogel'' model is the presence of very short-lived radionuclides in the early Solar System (< 104 yr). We discuss the recent, tentative evidence for live {}63Ni (t1/2 = 101 yr) in the early Solar System (Luck et al. 2003; GCA 67, 143) in this context, and discuss the effect of the injected radioactivities on the ionization state of the solar nebula.
Desch Steven J.
Hester Jeff J.
Leshin Laurie Ann
Ouellette Nathalie
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