Meridian Circulation in Differentially Rotating Stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We formulate the first order theory of meridian circulation in radiative zones of approximate chemical homogeneity so as to allow calculation of circulation velocities in a star subject to an arbitrary axially symmetric angular velocity ω(r, θ). The calculation includes circulation due to perturbations in the nuclear burning rate. The formalism agrees with previous calculations relevant to special cases, and assumes maximum simplicity for rotation on cylinders. We find two types of steady state configurations: (1) rotation according to a special class of distributions ω(r, θ) which drive no currents, and (2) rotation according to arbitrary ω(r, θ), but with a correction to the molecular weight μ such that the net circulation velocity is zero. We find that a small μ gradient can quench the circulation in many cases. In particular, we conclude that a large differential rotation in the Sun might have escaped disruption by meridian currents, for a μ stratification of a few parts in 103.

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