The Antarctic Plateau: The Ideal Terrestrial Site for Extrasolar Planet Transit Surveys?

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Three Antarctic plateau sites - the South Pole, Dome C and Dome A - are assessed for their suitability as locations for an extrasolar planet transit survey. Predominately, the long winter night offers a unique opportunity to achieve significant phase coverage in a short period of time. This reduces the amount of time required on each target field by a factor of more than 2 over temperate sites. A South Pole site also has the advantage of almost no airmass variations for a target field, eliminating that periodic systematic from the data. Sites at Dome C and almost certainly Dome A would offer the additional advantage of extremely stable and high-quality photometric conditions for long periods of time, which are essential for detection of low-amplitude transits. The Vulcan South experiment to detect extrasolar planet transits was deployed at the South Pole to capitalise on these advantages from 2003 to 2005. The system and the survey strategy are described here.

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