NANTEN2 Project: CO and CI Survey of the Southern Sky

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

We present a project overview and science goals of the upcoming NANTEN2 project. This is an upgrade of the 4-m mm telescope, NANTEN, which was operated at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. We have been carrying out extensive molecular cloud surveys in the Galaxy as well as toward the Magellanic system for seven years. The upgrade started by moving NANTEN from Las Campanas to Atacama in Northern Chile at an altitude of 4,800m in 2004 to realize a large-scale survey at sub-mm wavelengths. In this new project, we will make large-scale surveys toward the Galaxy and the nearby galaxies including the Magellanic Clouds. We will reveal the physical and chemical states of interstellar gas in various density regions with the highly excited CO (carbon-monoxide) and CI (neutral carbon) spectra in the sub-millimeter wavelength (100 - 800 GHz). With thorough extensive surveys, we will make studies of star formation process in the Local Group and investigate the dynamical effects of energetic explosive events like supernovae and supershells on the interstellar matter. The installation started at the beginning of 2004. The highest observing frequencies will be covered by KOSMA SMART (Sub-Millimeter Array Receivers for Two frequencies) receiver, a new multi-beam receiver capable of observing both 490 GHz and 800 GHz radiation simultaneously and speedily. The NANTEN2 observations provide a large database of interstellar matter in the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. This database must be a useful guide for the future science with ALMA.

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