The formation of comets in wind-driven shells around protostars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Models, Comets, Protostars, Stellar Evolution, Comet Nuclei, Particle Collisions, Shock Waves, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Winds, Velocity Distribution, Comets, Formation, Collisions, Grains, Size, Dust, Theoretical Studies, Calculations, Dynamics, Models, Origin, Evolution, Time Scale

Scientific paper

An analytical model is developed for the formation of comets from grain collisions in cold, dense shells of material swept by a protostellar wind. The wind moves into the circumstellar envelope and generates a two-shock flow pattern, forming a rapidly cooling thin, dense outwardly moving shell which within 1000 yr attains a density of 10-100 trillion/cu m in motions sufficiently turbulent as to produce many collisions. The growth rate of the subsequently formed grains is estimated. It is shown that a velocity dispersion under 0.01 m/sec for large grains would lead to the formation of kilometer sized bodies, i.e., prospective comet nuclei. The process would be ubiquitous around young stars.

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